Local HRT can be provided via vaginal oestrogen pessaries, creams or rings. It is used to treat vaginal dryness, soreness and lower urinary tract symptoms.

Due to lack of oestrogen, tissues in the vagina become thin, dry, with loss of elasticity and changes in pH which causes pain during sex, discomfort and repeated infections. These symptoms get worse with age.

Bladder symptoms such as increased frequency, urgency, burning sensation when passing water and incontinence are commonly associated with menopause due to oestrogen deficiency.

Vaginal oestrogen can be used for as long as required and improves vaginal and bladder symptoms.

If you have not responded well to above treatment, other newer treatments can be suggested by Dr Navani.